Which of the following best describes construction?

The definition of construction as the excavation, erection, alteration, and repair of buildings and their components encompasses a broad range of activities that are integral to the construction industry. This includes not only the creation of new structures but also the critical processes of modifying and maintaining existing ones.

This explanation highlights the comprehensive nature of construction work, which often requires excavation for foundational work, erecting new components, and altering or repairing various parts of buildings to ensure they meet safety standards and user needs. By including all these aspects, this definition aligns with the multifaceted nature of construction practices in real-world scenarios.

The other options are limited in scope; the focus on repairs, new construction only, or the legalities of building permits does not capture the full spectrum of what constitutes construction activities. The correct answer effectively includes these diverse elements, reflecting a more complete understanding of the industry.