What constitutes an alteration in the context of construction?

In the context of construction, an alteration refers specifically to a change in the use or occupancy of an existing building. This includes modifications that may affect the building's functionality, safety, or occupancy classification, which are important for ensuring compliance with building codes and regulations. When a structure is repurposed or its usage is significantly changed, it often triggers certain legal and planning requirements to safeguard public welfare and adhere to updated safety standards.

The other options do not align with the definition of an alteration. A completely new construction project signifies the creation of a building from the ground up, which is distinct from modifying an existing structure. The installation of new furniture does not affect the structural integrity or occupancy type of the building, qualifying it more as an interior finish or furnishing rather than an alteration. Similarly, routine maintenance tasks are necessary activities that do not change the building's overall use or occupancy status, focusing instead on upkeep and preservation rather than modification.